The Montana State Legislature is made up of two chambers, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Constitution of Montana limits the size of the Senate to no fewer than 40 and no more than 50 members and the size of the House of Representatives to no fewer than 80 and no more than 100 members. Each house is responsible for choosing its officers, creating committees and establishing its own rules. The Montana Legislature meets for 90 days every odd numbered year, beginning the first Monday in January, or the following Wednesday if the first Monday is New Years Day. The first State Legislature convened on November 23, 1889, fifteen days after Montana became a state. Each following Legislature has been numbered sequentially.

The 60th Montana Legislature met from January 3rd to April 27th, 2007. There were 15 standing committees in the Senate and 16 standing committees in the House. The leaders of the Senate were Mike Cooney (D-President), Dan Harrington (D-President Pro Tempore), Carol Williams (D-Majority Leader), Lane Larson and Lynda Moss (D-Majority Whips), Corey Stapleton (R-Minority Leader) and Greg Barkus and Dan McGee (R-Minority Whips). The leaders of the House were Scott Sales (R-Speaker), Debby Barrett (R-Speaker Pro Tempore), Dennis Himmelberger (R-Majority Leader), Tom McGillvray and Gary MacLaren (R-Majority Whips), John Parker (D-Minority Leader), Art Noonan (D-Minority Floor Leader), Bob Bergren (D-Deputy Minority Leader), Margarett Campbell and Dave McAlpin (D-Minority Whips) and Dan Villa (D-Minority Caucus Leader). The transmittal dates were February 28th, March 21st and 29th, and April 3rd, 5th, 16th, 18th and 21st.

Sources: The Constitution of the State of Montana as adopted by the Constitutional Convention March 22, 1972, and as ratified by the people, June 6, 1972, referendum no. 68, http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca_toc/Constitution.htm; "Organization of the Montana Legislature," The Montana Legislature, http://www.leg.mt.gov/css/About-the-Legislature/organization.asp; "2007 Legislative Session," The Montana Legislature, http://leg.mt.gov/css/Sessions/60th/default.asp