Records of the Montana State Federation of Labor and the Montana State AFL-CIO consist of correspondence, financial records, organizational records, reports, subject files, minutes, and clippings.

The correspondence falls into two groups for files kept by President James D. Graham (1927-1937) and that kept by James S. Umber (1958-1967). Financial records (1895-1951) consist primarily of per capital dues contributed by local unions around the state. These are useful for documenting when various unions were active. There are also audits (1934-1961). Organizational records consist of convention proceedings (1933-1966), and nominations and elections of officers. Subject files concern organization of workers in New Deal projects, opposition to Right-to-Work legislation, politics, etc.

There are subgroups for the Committee on Political Education (COPE) and the Workers' Education Club of Helena, Montana. The COPE subgroup includes general correspondence (1959-1965), minor financial records, reports of Activities Director Albert F. Root, and other materials. The Workers' Educational Club subgroup consists of a record book of articles of incorporation, minutes, and legal documents.

An addendum to the collection was added in 2015 which includes AFL-CIO Board meeting minutes (1992-2000), Montana Family Union minutes (1990-1995), voting records of Montana Legislatures from the Montana AFL-CIO as well as various Montana based organizations (1955-1989), subject files on the 1974 election from COPE, the 1976 US presidential campaign, and the 1983 state senate committees. The rest of the addition consists of news clippings focusing on the AFL-CIO (1982- 1987).