Records are divided into four subgroups: state union records, Education Department records, local union records, and national union records.

State Union Records include correspondence (1967 only); scattered financial records (1918-1970); minutes of the first state meeting (1916) and of the Board of Directors (1960-1963, 1966-1967); organizational records, including bylaws and articles of incorporation (1945), convention delegate lists, election results, etc. (1943-1974), lists of local unions, and returned charters; subject files on a variety of topics and allied organizations; miscellany; and clippings.

Education Department Records consist primarily of general correspondence (1966-1968) with local unions, prospective students at educational camps, and political figures. In addition there several department publications.

Local Union Records include minutes (1928-1958) and reports of meetings (1965-1975) for locals around the state. There are minutes for only a few of the locals. There are scrapbooks for the Chouteau County summer camp; and for Pondera County, compiled by Dorothy Floerchinger.

National Farmers Union Records consist primarily of minutes (1960-1963) of the National Farmers Union Life Insurance Company, the National Farmers Union Life Property and Casualty Company, the National Farmers Union Resources Corporation, and the National Farmers Union Service Corporation. In addition, there are convention materials for the 1939 national convention, and miscellaneous publications.